George edmund donisthorpe



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GEORGE EDMUND DONISTHORPE, O-E LEEDS,A ENGLAND.

Letters Patent No. 82,608-, datei-Z September 29, 1868; patented 2in England, January 21, 1864.

menor/en coat-Guarino MACHINE.

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TO ALL 'IO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, GEORGE ISDMUND DO ISTHORPI), of Leeds, in the county of York-England, top and nail-manufacturer, a subject of the Queen vof Great Britain, have invented or discovered new and useful Improvements in Machinery Used in Getting Coal, Stone, and other Minerals, and I, the said GEORGE EDMUND DONISTHORPE, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, and in what manner the same is to bc performed, to be particularly desciibed and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof; that'is to say- Y Y This invention has for its object improvements in machinery used in getting coal, stone, and other minerals. For these purposes, when actuating picks or cutters by 'engines worked by compressed air or other Huid, I so arrange the picks or cutters `and apparatus that two picks or cutters, outwo sets ot' picks or cutters, may be caused by the engine to act alternately.

In order that the' compressed air or other fluid may not, as heretofore, at the back' or return-stroke be employed to waste, simply acting to bring back thepick or cutter, or set of picks or cnt ters, and only actuating the pick or cutter, or set of picks o r cutters, so as to work when the engine is making its forward stroke, I employ two picks or cutters, or two sets of picks or cutters, receiving -motion from the piston of an engine worked by compressed air or other Huid. i i

The engine is mounted on a suitable truck with the picks or cutters, the piston-rod of the engine gives motion to a lever turning on a c entre intermediate of its length, and to the ends of which the two picks or cutters, or the two sets, are respectively attached or connected, so that'as o'ne pick or cutter, or one set, acts, the

vother pick or cutter, or set, retires, consequently the movement et the piston in either direction gives motion to or actuates one vcutter or'piclt, or set,` whilst at the same time the other pick or cutter, or set, retires. In place ofthe trucks on which the engines and picks or cutters are mounted, having flanged wheels,'suitable for running on a regular gauge of rails, as is now used in coal-getting machinery, I employ rollers, which will run on rails whether they are laid to.a fixed or regulated gauge or not. One rail only acts to guide the truck, and thisis laid with care, whilst the other rail on which the truck moves may be out of truth or gauge therewith, and in order that the rail which is laid correctly may be the means of guiding the truck, I apply a clip at each end of the'truck, which tits over and partly embraces the head of'the rail, the clips being made suitable to slide freely along the rail. On the surface of the guiding-rail, teeth may be formed, to receive a worm or screw,

-by which the truck is moved, and at the'same time the truck is thereby securelyretained'from moving back during the action of the picks or cutters.

Figure l is a side view,

Figure 2 an end view, and

Figure 3 a plan of a machine constructed according to my invention for getting coal, stone, and other minerals. Y

a a are the side frames ofthe machine. They are connected together at their ends, and at top and bottom, by the cross-bars l) b. This frameis carried by the rollers c c, 'the axles of which turn in bearings, d, iitted into lugs on the frame. i

e c arc claws or clips ou one-of the said frames, embracing the guiderail'j'. lIhese keep the carriage on the rails, the rollers being madelwithout flanges.

The guide-rail has teeth cut in it, and a worm, mounted in bearings on one ot' theside frames, gears therewith. It has a bevelled pinion'on its axis, vwhich gears with another bevclled pinion on the vertical axis z', having a handle, z", at its upper end, by which it can be turned, and byturning this axis the carriage can be caused to travel either forward or backward.

7c is a ram, working in a cylinder, Z, mounted and secured on the top ofthe carriage. The compressed air or uid which worksy the apparatus can be admitted to this cylinder by a suitable passage and valve, so as to raise the ram. By this means the wheel m, which is carried in bearings at the top ofthe ram, is caused to press against the roof or top of the working, and the apparatusis'thus steadied whilst atwork. The ram cismade to work* air-,tight in the cylinder bymeans of a vcup-leather, such as is used in packing hydraulic rams.

Whilst theapparatus is out of Work, and the carriage is being takenfrcm place to place, the ram is allowed to descend by cuttingofi' thesupply of compressed air orifiuid from the cylinder, and opening a passage for the escape of the compressed air or fluid it already contains. AThe worm L can also he raised up ou't of gear with thc rack-teeth on the guide-rail by screwing down the-screws g. The ends of these screws' then press on bars or frames that rest on the top of the bearings of the roller c.

u is `the cylinder for workingthe picks or cutters. It has a piston within it, and on the end ofthe pistonrod the cross-head o is fixed, and, from this,connectingrods or links, p y),pass back, and are `iointed to the double lever q q, which has a strong upright axis, g', at the centre ofthe carriage, where it is carried in bearings.

The extreme ends of the compound lever q carry friction-rollers, r r, which lie in recesses made to t them in the pick or cutter-frames s s. These frames are each made with three shelves or brackets, s s', which may be provided with picks or cutters. The pick-frames are, in order that they may run freely to and fro on the ends of the carriage, supported on a number of' friction-rollers, u u, mounted on horizontal axes fixed at the top ofthe carriage. Other pulleys, v v, mounted on vertical axes fixed to the pick-frames, keep the said frames steady laterally by running in guide-ways formed for them on the, carriage, whilst a third se't of pulleys, w w, mounted on horizontabaxes, keep the pick-frame from rising by bearingr on a flange on the carriage, which is immediately over them. Y

The picks 'or cutters shc'wn in the drawing arc such as I prefecto employ, each pick lhaving combined with it a clearer, 1, for withdrawing the pieces of coalthat are vcut away by the pick. Usually when the machine is at work, one shelf or bracket only of each frame is provided witha.- pick or picks, according tothe height at which it is desired to work. Y Y

The pick or cutter at the leading end of' the machine is, as is shown in the drawings, made shorter than that at the hinder end, so that the latter may serve to deepen the groove out by the former. The cutter-frame at the hinder end ofthe machine may have two or more cutters on either of its ledges or shelves, although only one is shown in the drawing. The rearmost cutter is then made of a suitable length to deepen the cut made by the cutter in front of it. Whilst the machine is at work, it is by hand caused to move a short distance after each blow of the rearmost cutter. To do this, the workman, after each alternate movement of the valvelever, turns the handle i.

The machine is free to move forwards, as eachof the rearmost picks is capable of turning on atcentre or pin at its rear end, and thus, although the rearmost/picks will havejust completed their stroke at the time the carriage is to be moved forwards, yet the pick will not prevent the carriage from moving. The turning of' the y 4pick on/its pin in this manner moves the clearer so as to cause it-to` enclose the pieces out away by the pick.

The turning of the pick on its centre moves the clearer', by reason ofthe clearer, which turns on a centre intermediate of its length, being at its end connected by a link to the piek. When the'pick has been' withdrawn, so as to be clear of the coal, the picker picks are brought back into their form-er positions by the spring that is placed between the clearer and the pick. The piek is then ready to make another cut. v

l"In order (when using elearers such as are shown in the drawings) to cause the clearer of theleading pick to enclose the coal or material removed by the pick, the leading pick is by preference to turn on a centre intermediate of' itslength, and at its rear end has teeth formed upon it, into which a pinion, 2X, on an axis, 2, gears. 0n thisakis is an arm, 3, carrying a pin, 4. This pin is received' in a slot in one arm of the lever 5. Each time the pick has completed its forward stroke, a roller, 6, is caused to be moved against the end 5X ofthe lever 5. The lever is thus caused to turn on its centre; this causes the axis 2 also to turn, and so turns the pick on its pin. This movement-of the pick, as above described, causes the end ofthe clearer to be moved towards the'pick.

When the pick has completed its backward stroke, another roller, 7, is brought against the end 5X of the lever 5, so moving the lever in the opposite direction, and turning the pick into its original position. The slot in the lever 5 is so formed as'not to permit the axis 2 to turn by any strain on the teeth of the pinion upon it.

Theaxis 2 passes, as is shown, from top to bottom of' the machine, and above each of the shelves or brack ets ofthe cutter-frame has a pinion upon it similar to the pinion 2X, in order that a cutter or cutters on any or all ofthe shelves may be actuated by it.

The rollers V6, .that give-motion to the lever 5, are carried by a sliding bar, D. This sliding bar is pinjointed to an arm, .9, on the axis 10. At the opposite end of the axis is another arm,'that is pinjointcd to the lever x, that lworks the valve. The valve may be a slidevalve of ordinary construction, and the workman, by means ofthe hand-lever z, moves it to and fro each time he requires the picks to make a stroke.

The slide-valve is arranged so that compressed air or other fluid for working the engine is only admitted into the cylinder when the valve-lever has been moved to its cxtreme positions. Thus, the first portion of the movement of the lever-handle always acts first to turn the axis 10, and when the requisite motion has so been given tothe scraper and pick, then air or other fluid is admitted to the cylinder, and the pick is then so caused either to strike a blow or to make its return-stroke.

In place of a lever, g, being interposed between the piston-rod of the engine and the picks or cutters, as above described, other mechanical arrangements may be employed to cause the picks or cutters to act alternately, in the manner above explained. Also, the picks or cutters'usedvmay be lever-picks, in place of being sliding picks, as they are shown in the drawing, and in this case they may be bolted directly to levers arranged like the levers g g. The picks'or cutters also, as shown in the drawing,are arrangcd to work at right angles to the f'ace of the work, but they may be arranged to work at other suitable angles, or the cutters may be caused to move parallel with the work, and cut grooves deeper and deeper therein by being set up after making each cut.

In arranging a machine for making vertical cuts' in the work when two picks or cutters, er tw-o sets of sacos picks or cutters are employed, so as to alternately come into action in the manner herein described, I prefer that the two cutters, or sets of cutters, should be carried by slides, each of which is carried by a separate frame, upon which it is capable of moving upwards or downwards in guides.

The two frames are one above the other, and have a horizontal to-and-fro motion given to them from an engine, in a similar manner to Suitable mechanism is provided for raising or lowering the slides on the reciprocating frames that carry them.

By these means, when the machine has been placcdopposite the face of coal to be cut, and has been set to work, a vertical cut can, by` raising or lowering the cutter-slides', be made in the coal, equal in height to the height of the two frames that carry the cutter-slides.

Having thus described the nature of my invention, and the manner of performing the saine, I would/have it understood'that what I claim, is-

l. The so arranging the cutting-apparatus of machines employed in getting coal and other mineral, that two picks or cutters, or two sets of picks or cutters, may be caused by the engine which `actnates the'm to act alternately, so that one pick, or set of picks, makes its backward stroke, substantially as herein described.

2. The combination, substantially asset forth, with the guiding-rail herein described, of a travelling carriage, provided with clips or guards at each end, to hold it to the rail, and a driving-worm acting on the rail7 to propel the carriage, whereby one only of the rails need be laid with care. v l

3. The combination, substantially as set forth, with the travelling carriage,of a guide-rail, a propellingworm on the carriage acting on the rail, on clips the carriage embracing the guide-rail, cutting-tools mounted on the carriage, and a pressurcgram, for holding the carriage to its track when working, by pressing against the roof ofthe mine. i

4. The combination, substantially as set forth, with a carriage travelling on ways, and a locking-mechanismv for locking the carriage rmlywhile the cutters are working, of reciprocating cutters arranged on opposite ends of an oscillating arm or lever, vibrating tranversely to the line of' motion'oE-the carriage, whcrehyarblow is made at each movement of the piston of the motor, and one cutter may deepen the groove made by the preceding one. .i

5. The combination, substantially as set forth, with the cutting-tools, of the clcarers 1', for removing the coal loosened by the cutters.

G. E. DONISTIIORPE.

}botk of Leeds, England. I

that in which motion is given to the cutter-frames of the machine just described.v

may make its forward stroke whilst theother pick, or set of picks,' 

